Links Between Ancient Empire (Songhai, Ming and Mughul) Essay

Ming China Songhai Mughal IndiaGovern ment and Society * Absolute rulers * Government followed out all emperor moths orders * Emperor seen as god * Peace patrolling by navy * Surrounding chiefs kept to a greater extent of their power if they paid tributes * establish on Islamic Principals. * Performance based NOT birth * Based on military and religion * Slaves did all manual labour * Based on Islamic principals * topical anesthetic rulers kept power but had to pay tributes * Centralised administration * Efficient bureaucracy * Practiced apparitional tolerance Role of Women * Good education to teach their sons * Got married family finance * Thrice following (followed whatever they were told by men)* Only influential if wealthy * Men didnt talk to women in public * consider by men but had to act shy and timid * Separate housing between men and women. * No education, liberty or rights * If they gave birth to a female they were shunned upon * Not allowed to go anywhere without liberty * Women were seen as inferior Travel and Trade * Traded silk, porcelain and tea * Trade to show off Chinas wealth and power * Traded with West Asia and Europe along the silk route * Brought goods back from exotic places visited * Gold and flavor trade * Huge caravans regularly crossed the Sahara desert. * Timbuktu and Goa became large commercial centres of these routes * Export of agricultural products * Shipbuilding key fruit industry (Europeans bought from them) * Private trading voyagers to East Africa, Europe etc * China was an important trading partner. Links/Contacts with the light of the world * Zheng He voyagers linked China to India, Arabian Peninsula and East Africa. * Trade connected them to Asia and Europe silk itinerary along Med. Sea * Communication routes created via military courier system* Trade in gold and salt along Sahara desert linked them to the Arabs and Europe through gold trade * Arab traders were the link from Africa to the rest of the wor ld. * commercialized centres were a place for merchants from Med. And Europe to trade. * Exploration of Portuguese * Contacts with China and South East Asia * Europeans ships visited India and they bought from the Indians * The British furbish up up BEIC to trade Learning and civilization * Education was wide spread. * Standardised education * Stand was proud because they could print text books at the time* Different pantheons of Gods * Practised Buddhism andTaoism * Timbuktu and Goa main centres of learning * Recruited teachers from over-seas * Islam dominant culture * Recorded as one of the largest Islamic in history * Established libraries in different languages * Welcomed scholars to his courts * Islamic * Practised religious cultures Technology * Inventors of gun powder * Compass * Paper * Printing * Mosque Architecture expand and big * Took years to build * Invented concept of zero * Modern math * Celestial globe * innovative architecture Decline of the Empires * In vaded by the Moroccan army * This was possible because modern weaponry Songhai didnt plunk for a chance even though they had more men * Succession battles between Mohammed Askia Is sons in 1593 led to civil war * Lost total control of trade and wealth collectable to Portuguese explorations around West Africa. * Threats of invasion by Mongols and Machu * Weakened by power struggles * Became isolated because of the colossal Wall of China * Sever famine * Economic problems people stopped paying taxes * Main brat BEIC * Wars of succession weakened empire after Akbars death. *