Albert Einstein Speech Essay - 998 Words

Joshua, I am going to the smoking car for a while. Joshua opened the door to the smoking car. There were a collection of men most of them smoking cigars and talking and laughing and drinking. Joshua sat down at a table next to a table in which two men sat. One man had baggy clothes and was smoking a pipe. He had Brunette hair, brown eyes and about 33 years old. The other gentleman had brown hair a moustache, glasses and was wearing a suit. He was approximately 54. They were both speaking German, but Joshua was wearing his Universal Translator { * refer back to page 33.} Joshua, Good Afternoon, Gentlemen. My name is Joshua Rowland, and what might your names be? Max, Well, my name is Max Von Planck. Albert, And my name†¦show more content†¦OK, now on with the lecture. On the other end of the spectrum of physics is relativity. Now Max, essentially invented Quantum Mechanics and I explained Relativity, well to be more specific, the Special Theory of Relativity. Max, Both quantum theory and relativity are two of the most successful theories that we have ever had. The problem is that they don t play well together. That s right, two theories that are as close to reality as we have ever come to are not compatible with each other. It doesn t make any sense, does it? When you try to apply relativity to the very small scales of the atomic realm, suddenly the mathematics does not make sense any more. Quantities become infinite and predictions go wildly astray. How is this possible? If I could answer that question, I would be preparing my speech for my Nobel Prize ceremony. The thing that makes this amazing is that each theory is so close to describing reality that it is almost inconceivable that it could be incorrect! If either or, indeed, both theories are wrong, it will bring about a complete revolution in our understanding of reality. Albert, I agree with the assessment that physics requires a great deal of imagination, but this imaginatio n is in a straitjacket. This means that you cannot imagine anything you like. What you theorize must also conform to everything we already know. In other words, any new theory must not only explain the newShow MoreRelatedAlbert Einstein The Menace of Mass Destruction Speech Essay660 Words   |  3 PagesAlbert Einstein â€Å"The Menace of Mass Destruction Everyone is aware of the difficult and menacing situation in which human society - shrunk into one community with a common fate - finds itself, but only a few acts accordingly. Most people go on living their everyday life: half frightened, half indifferent, they behold the ghostly tragicomedy this is being performed on the international stage before the eyes and ears of the world. But on that stage, on which the actors under the floodlights playRead MoreAlbert Einstien: The Smartest Man in History Essay898 Words   |  4 PagesEinstein helped create the scientific world we all know today. He is one of the worlds most famous scientists. Not only that, you may know Albert Einstein as the man with crazy hair or the man on the bicycle. Whatever you remember of him, he will always go down as one of the smartest men in history. Albert Einstein has forever changed American history. In this essay, you will read about Alberts early life, family and marriage, his miracle year, his scientific career and theory of relativity, USRead MoreAn Influential Physicist Of The 20th Century1906 Words   |  8 PagesAlbert Einstein was a German-born physicist who developed the general theory of relativity, among other feats. He is considered the most influential physicist of the 20th century. Synopsis Born in Ulm, Wà ¼rttemberg, Germany in 1879, Albert Einstein had a passion for inquiry that eventually led him to develop the special and general theories of relativity. In 1921, he won the Nobel Prize for physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect and immigrated to the U.S. in the following decade afterRead More Albert Einstein Essay example1766 Words   |  8 PagesAlthough there are other very interesting physicists who have contributed to the scientific world, I decided to do some research on Albert Einstein. You may have heard funny stories of his quirkiness like not wearing socks, or you may have seen posters of him with his wild, untamed hair. I have wondered what Einstein is really like. What was the personality of this man who was so incredibly smart? And if he really was that smart, why would he treat his hair and feet so poorly? 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In the General Scholium of the edition of Newtons Principia published in 1913, Newton wrote an 800-word description of his God. He defines God as eternal, infinite, absolutelyRead MoreEssay on The Biography of Albert Einstein2099 Words   |  9 PagesThe Biography of Albert Einstein Born in 1879, Albert Einstein is known today for his incredible mathematical ability and†¦ well, his wild hair. But more important than the physical attributes of his cranium, is the fantastic information which it provided. He will probably always be remembered as the greatest mathematical genius of the modern world. Honors he has received for his works include the Nobel Prize, which he was awarded in 1921, the Royal Society Copley MedalRead More Rhetoric in the American Immigration Debate Essay1659 Words   |  7 Pagesinfrastructure, and the economy. He uses charts and figures to clarify his points and makes it seem like through his use of logos he will come to a logical conclusion on the costs of immigration to the country. However, although Hayworth peppers his speech with facts and figures, which might be seen as a logical approach by his supporters, and although he has the credibility to discuss the issue as a congressman from a state central to the debate, the conclusions he wants the audience to make are largelyRead MoreGuess Paper of Class 1sy Year English1570 Words   |  7 Pages________________ on recieving warm welcome by a huge crowd of newly created nation. Proudly Calmly and Seriously Rudely Shyly xii) The famous scientist who has been presented as a model in the lesson Science and Scientist is ___________. 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Analysis Of Captain America The Winter Soldier - 1242 Words

Ethics are the standards set by a specific institution that provides clear guidelines for acceptable behaviors. James Svara outlines 4 dimensions of ethics as duty, virtue, principles and benefit to society. Each of these dimensions are standard of exceptional public service. At the core of all ethics in bureaucracy is the commitment to provide the greatest good for the greatest number. Moreover, Public Administrators are responsible for countless tasks to ensure that all recipients of a bureaucratic service are treated objectively. Unfortunately, not all Public Administrators illustrate exemplary behaviors conducive to incomparable public service. Theoretical considerations are best used to observe human nature and public administration†¦show more content†¦Captain America failed to apprehend The Winter Soldier despite the chaos he caused to the Public due to the fact that they knew each other personally. This conflict of interest between the Public and Captain America is k nown as an information asymmetry as Captain America failed to disclose that his enemy during the movie was once his friend. The Public is at a disadvantage in this instance as they are not fully disclosed on all of the details concerning their protection moving forward while the immediate safety of The Winter Soldier was granted by Captain America. Consequently, Captain America exemplified both exceptional and questionable ethical practice in his duty as a public administrator. Likewise, Nick Fury was a public administrator that also exhibited outstanding public service and unethical decision making as well. Nick Fury was the immediate supervisor that delegated tasks to the Agents within S.H.I.E.L.D. Furthermore, Nick Fury advocated that S.H.I.E.L.D takes the world for what it is, not as they would like for it to be. Mobilization of the armed forces was one of the capabilities Nick Fury relished as he able to obtain fighter jets and automobiles that were primed for action should volatile situations ignite. Agency Theory suggests that the armament of S.H.I.E.L.D as directed by Nick Fury isShow MoreRelatedThe Epic Epics Of Antiquity880 Words   |  4 PagesMarvel Cinematic Universe, which spans across not only movies, but has expanded to also include multiple television shows. 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Marijuana Prohibition for Substance Abuse-myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Why Marijuana Should Not Be Legalized Answer: Marijuana prohibition is not a burden to the society; instead, it is a benefit. Just like alcohol, marijuana has negative impacts and it more related to crime and addiction (Hopfer, 2014). If the legislature agrees with the legalization of marijuana, they must be ready to face the consequences of their actions such as residents driving under the influence of the drug and even much worse like dealers engaging in other harder drugs. Legalization advocates have opened up discussions with the law regarding the medicinal use of the drug, but there's not enough evidence to show the benefits are more than the risks. Some anecdotal evidence suggests that most of those discussions are facilitated by people who just want to get high. According to research done by United Nations, marijuana substance is the second from alcohol to be found in the bodies of drivers involved in fatal accidents. The researchers also found out that more than 3.8% of the planet's population uses the substance. According to US Drug Enforcement Administration, most of the criminal arrested in 2005 were tested positive for marijuana. My question is, why would anyone feel any need to make such a substance legal and socially acceptable? Most pot smokers argue that marijuana makes them relax and are more aggressive (Cooper, and Haney, 2010). Surprisingly, research on the link between marijuana and aggression is mixed as it seems to make people relax but all the same, it causes paranoia and anxiety problem making the users a threat to themselves or others. Studies show that marijuana harms both the teenage and an adult brain (Ammerman, Ryan, Adelman, and Committee on Substance Abuse, 2015). What I am mostly concerned about, is the belief of most teenagers that marijuana is harmless drug and the rising population the teenagers using this drug. Dozens of research show that the drug affects the brain of a teenager and their IQ is reduced by 8% if they continue to use it to adulthood. Even if they stop using the drug at a later age, they may recover what they had lost. Students as young as 15 years old and above using marijuana are more likely to do worse or drop out of school, earn less when they become of age and have unsatisfying career according to research done by Dr. Ed Gogek, an author of Marijuana Debunked. I am sure that no parent wants this for their children, but most of the school's teacher says that marijuana is one of their main problems. Advocates campaigning for the legalization of marijuana claim that this will result to unclogging the prisons but justice department argue that most criminals found in possession of marijuana were also charged with other serious offenses. They also claim that tax collected from marijuana business will bring more profit to the country, but this is just misleading stories as they do not tell us about the legalization cost(Li, Brady, DiMaggio, Lusardi, Tzong, and Li, 2011). The taxes will not come anywhere near what marijuana takes from the society, i.e., lost productivity, health cost and criminal injustice among other losses. Marijuana affects the health of its uses negatively; it overreacts part of the brain that has high receptors causing the high' feeling (Pacula, 2010). The short-term effect includes; changes in mood, impaired memory, hallucinations, psychosis and impaired body movement while the long-term impact includes; a problem in child development during and after pregnancies, decline in IQ levels and impaired brain development. Theres no medication currently available to treat marijuana. Though behavioral support including therapy and motivational incentives has shown to be effective they still at some time are unable to reduce withdrawal symptoms and prevent relapse (Hopfer, 2014). Long-term users trying to quit mostly report mild symptoms such as cravings and grouchiness making quitting difficult. In conclusion, marijuana is harmful drug no matter what the drugs advocates say and not the kind we put stamps for approval. No community/ legislature should allow legalization of the drug no matter what, as it benefits only two groups, i.e., seller and buyer. For the rest of us making sure it stays illegal is the best option. References Li, M.C., Brady, J.E., DiMaggio, C.J., Lusardi, A.R., Tzong, K.Y. and Li, G., 2011. Marijuana use and motor vehicle crash. Epidemiologic reviews,34(1), pp.65-72. Ammerman, S., Ryan, S., Adelman, W.P. and Committee on Substance Abuse, 2015. The impact of marijuana policies on youth: clinical, research, and legal update.Pediatrics,135(3), pp.e769-e785. Pacula, R.L., 2010. Examining the impact of marijuana legalization on marijuana consumption. Hopfer, C., 2014. Implications of marijuana legalization for adolescent substance use.Substance Abuse,35(4), pp.331-335. Hopfer, C., 2014. Marijuana legalization: impact on physicians and public health.Annual review of medicine,67, pp.453-466. Cooper, Z.D., and Haney, M., 2010. Opioid antagonism enhances marijuana's effects in heavy marijuana smokers.Psychopharmacology,211(2), pp.141-148.

The Kurds A Nation Without A State Essay Example For Students

The Kurds A Nation Without A State Essay Introduction Of all the ethnic groups in the world, the Kurds are one of the largestthat has no state to call their own. According to historian WilliamWestermann, The Kurds can present a better claim to race puritythanany people which now inhabits Europe. (Bonner, p. 63, 1992) Over thepast hundred years, the desire for an independent Kurdish state hascreated conflicts mainly with the Turkish and Iraqi populations in theareas where most of the Kurds live. This conflict has importantgeographical implications as well. The history of the Kurdish nation,the causes for these conflicts, and an analysis of the situation will bediscussed in this paper. We will write a custom essay on The Kurds A Nation Without A State specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now History of the Kurds The Kurds are a Sunni Muslim people living primarily in Turkey, Iraq,and Iran. The 25 million Kurds have a distinct culture that is not atall like their Turkish, Persian, and Arabic neighbors (Hitchens, p. 36,1992). It is this cultural difference between the groups thatautomatically creates the potential for conflict. Of the 25 millionKurds, approximately 10 million live in Turkey, four million in Iraq,five million in Iran, and a million in Syria, with the rest scatteredthroughout the rest of the world (Bonner, p. 46, 1992). The Kurds alsohave had a long history of conflict with these other ethnic groups inthe Middle East, which we will now look at. The history of Kurds in the area actually began during ancient times. However, the desire for a Kurdish homeland did not begin until the early1900s, around the time of World War I. In his Fourteen Points,President Woodrow Wilson promised the Kurds a sovereign state (Hitchens,p. 54, 1992). The formation of a Kurdish state was supposed to havebeen accomplished through the Treaty of Sevres in 1920 which said thatthe Kurds could have an independent state if they wanted one (Bonner, p. 46, 1992). With the formation of Turkey in 1923, Kemal Ataturk, the newTurkish President, threw out the treaty and denied the Kurds their ownstate. This was the beginning of the Turkish-Kurdish conflict. At about this same time, the Kurds attempted to establish asemi-independent state, and actually succeeded in forming the Kingdom ofKurdistan, which lasted from 1922-1924; later, in 1946, some of theKurds established the Mahabad Republic, which lasted for only one year(Prince, p. 17, 1993). In 1924, Turkey even passed a law banning theuse of the Kurdish language in public places. Another group of people to consider is the Kurds living in Iraq. Majorconflict between the Kurds and Iraqis did not really begin until 1961,when a war broke out that lasted until 1970. Around this time, SaddamHussein came to power in Iraq. In 1975, Hussein adopted a policy oferadicating the Kurds from his country. Over the next fifteen years,the Iraqi army bombed Kurdish villages, and poisoned the Kurds withcyanide and mustard gas (Hitchens, p. 46, 1992). It is estimated thatduring the 1980s, Iraqis destroyed some 5000 Kurdish villages (Prince,p. 22, 1993). From this point, we move into the recent history a ndcurrent state of these conflicts between the Kurds and the Turks, andthe Kurds against the Iraqis. Causes for Conflict The reasons for these conflicts have great relevance to geography. Theareas of geography relating to these specific conflicts are a historicalclaim to territory on the part of the Kurds, cultural geography,economic geography, and political geography. These four areas ofgeography can best explain the reasons for these Kurdish conflicts. First, the Kurds have a valid historical claim to territory. They havelived in the area for over 2000 years. For this reason, they desire theestablishment of a Kurdish homeland. Iraqis and Turks, while living inthe area for a long period of time, cannot make a historical claim tothat same area. The conflict arises, however, because the area happensto lie within the borders of Iraq and Turkey. Even though the Kurdsclaim is valid, the Turks and Iraqis have chosen to ignore it and havetried to wipe out the Kurds. Second, and probably most important, is that this conflict involvescultural geography. The Kurds are ethnically and culturally differentfrom both the Turks and the Iraqis. They speak a different language,and while all three groups are Muslim, they all practice differentforms. The Kurds have used this cultural difference as a reason toestablish a homeland. However, the Turks and Iraqis look at thecontrast in ethnicity in a much different sense. The government ofTurkey viewed a ny religious or ethnic identity that was not their own tobe a threat to the state (Time to Talk Turkey, p. 9, 1995). SaddamHussein believed that the Kurds were in the way in Iraq and heperceived them as a threat to the glory of the Arabs (Hitchens, p. 46,1992). For this reason, he carried out his mass genocide of the Kurdsin his country. .udc0b22411fd4f40f13d331b9cad016db , .udc0b22411fd4f40f13d331b9cad016db .postImageUrl , .udc0b22411fd4f40f13d331b9cad016db .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udc0b22411fd4f40f13d331b9cad016db , .udc0b22411fd4f40f13d331b9cad016db:hover , .udc0b22411fd4f40f13d331b9cad016db:visited , .udc0b22411fd4f40f13d331b9cad016db:active { border:0!important; } .udc0b22411fd4f40f13d331b9cad016db .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udc0b22411fd4f40f13d331b9cad016db { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udc0b22411fd4f40f13d331b9cad016db:active , .udc0b22411fd4f40f13d331b9cad016db:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udc0b22411fd4f40f13d331b9cad016db .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udc0b22411fd4f40f13d331b9cad016db .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udc0b22411fd4f40f13d331b9cad016db .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udc0b22411fd4f40f13d331b9cad016db .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udc0b22411fd4f40f13d331b9cad016db:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udc0b22411fd4f40f13d331b9cad016db .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udc0b22411fd4f40f13d331b9cad016db .udc0b22411fd4f40f13d331b9cad016db-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udc0b22411fd4f40f13d331b9cad016db:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Guy Fawkes Essay A third factor in these conflicts is economic geography. The areas ofIraq, Iran, Turkey, and Syria that the Kurds live in is calledKurdistan, shown on the map Confrontation in Kurdistan (Hitchens,1992, p.37, map). Kurdistan is a strategically important area for bothTurkey and Iraq because it contains important oil and water resourceswhich they cannot afford to lose (Hitchens, p. 49, 1992). Also, therehas been no significant economic activity in the region, due to thetrade embargo against Iraq that has been in place since 1991 (Prince, p. 22, 1993). Still, an independent Kurdish state would be economicallyviable and would no longer have an embargo placed against it. A final cause of the conflict is political geography. The Turks andIraqis do not wish to lose their control over Kurdistan, and haveresorted to various measures such as the attacks previously described. The Kurds, on the other hand, have political problems of their own. There is a sharp difference of opinion between the two main Kurdishpolitical parties, the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP), and thePatriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK) (Hitchens, p. 36, 1992). The partiesare at odds about how to resolve the conflicts in which their people areinvolved. Until this internal conflict among the Kurds is solved, itwill be difficult for them to deal with the Turks and Iraqis. Recent History and the Current Situation In 1991, after the defeat of his country in the Persian Gulf War,Saddam Hussein had the Iraqi army attack the Kurds again. As a result,the United States and its allies launched Operation Provide Comfort inApril 1991 that created a safe haven for the Kurds in Iraqi Kurdistan. Eventually, the Kurds were able to secure a small measure of autonomyin Kurdistan and on May 19, 1992, the Kurds held their first freeelections in Iraq (Prince, p. 17, 1992). The Kurds had sovereignty inpart of Kurdistan, called Free Kurdistan, but not to the point of beingrecognized as an independent state. Seeing how the Kurds in Iraq wereable to hold elections, the Turks got scared and banned the PeoplesLabor Party, a legal Kurdish party in Turkey, from the TurkishParliament (Marcus, p. 9, 1994). In Turkey, a civil war between the Kurds and Turks has been going onfor the last ten years; approximately 15,000 people have been killed sofar (Time to Talk Turkey, p. 9, 1995). The Turks launched an invasionthey called Operation Steel against the Kurds in March 1995, sending35,000 troops against them, but the plan backfired, as only 158 Kurdishrebels were killed in the first week (Possant, Doxey, Borrus, p. 57,1995). To sum up the Turks attitude toward the Kurds, Tansu Ciller, theTurkish prime minister, said, Turkey has no Kurdish problem, only aterrorist problem (Marcus, p. 9, 1994). As far as the United States is concerned, Kurdistan probably should notexist. During Operation Provide Comfort, the U.S. helped out the Kurdsin Iraq, but did nothing to help the Kurds in Turkey. The reason forthis is that Turkey is a NATO ally, while Iraq is one of the U.S.sworst enemies (Marcus, p. 9, 1994) By helping out the Kurds, the U.S. would be siding with enemies of the Turks, which could create problemsthat the U.S. government would rather not deal with. This type ofsituation does not exist in Iraq, however, since the U.S. is not onfriendly terms with Husseins regime. There are two main views on how to deal with the conflicts. The KDP,led by Masoud Baranzi, seeks limited political autonomy within Iraq(Hitchens, p. 36, 1992). Interestingly, many Kurds would accept being astate of Iraq, holding some autonomy, provided that Hussein was removedfrom power, a democracy was installed, and the Kurds were treated asequals (Bonner, p. 65, 1992). This means that some of the Kurds do notbelieve it is absolutely necessary that they have their own state, onlythat they are recognized as equals by the Iraqi government. On theother hand, Jalal Talabanias PUK says that the Kurds should hold outfor more political concessions from Iraq (Hitchens, p. 36, 1992). It ispossible that they would try to use guerrilla warfare tactics tofri ghten the Iraqi army into meeting its demands. .u77705c67283b0a5d9caafc16304bb201 , .u77705c67283b0a5d9caafc16304bb201 .postImageUrl , .u77705c67283b0a5d9caafc16304bb201 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u77705c67283b0a5d9caafc16304bb201 , .u77705c67283b0a5d9caafc16304bb201:hover , .u77705c67283b0a5d9caafc16304bb201:visited , .u77705c67283b0a5d9caafc16304bb201:active { border:0!important; } .u77705c67283b0a5d9caafc16304bb201 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u77705c67283b0a5d9caafc16304bb201 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u77705c67283b0a5d9caafc16304bb201:active , .u77705c67283b0a5d9caafc16304bb201:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u77705c67283b0a5d9caafc16304bb201 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u77705c67283b0a5d9caafc16304bb201 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u77705c67283b0a5d9caafc16304bb201 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u77705c67283b0a5d9caafc16304bb201 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u77705c67283b0a5d9caafc16304bb201:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u77705c67283b0a5d9caafc16304bb201 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u77705c67283b0a5d9caafc16304bb201 .u77705c67283b0a5d9caafc16304bb201-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u77705c67283b0a5d9caafc16304bb201:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Fences EssayAnalysis: Looking Ahead to the Future Looking at the current state of the conflict, the end does not seem tobe near. On one hand, the Kurds have been struggling to gain theirindependence for a number of years, and even though they have beenlocked in a ten year guerrilla war with the Turks, have come too far tostop fighting and accept the harsh treatment they have received from theTurks and Iraqis. Even though Turkey has lost a large number of troopsdealing with the perceived Kurdish menace, they do have the support ofthe U.S., and that in itself seems to be a good enough reason to keepthe war going. As for the situation in Iraq, the situation is a bit more complicated. The plan of KDP seems like a plausible solution. However, the plan isnot likely to succeed until Hussein dies or is forced out of power. TheIraqis also do not seem very willing to give up their territory to theKurds. The plan of the PUK has a small chance to work, assuming thatguerrilla tactics would scare the Iraqi government. By simply holdingout, the Kurds would gain nothing, because the Iraqis are not threatenedby the Kurds per se. However, by attacking the Iraqis, the Kurds runthe risk of a counterattack which they probably could not effectivelydeal with. Basically, that would make the situation for the Kurds evenworse than before. Conclusion Without the support of a large powerful nation such as the U.S., theKurds will probably never establish an independent Kurdish state. TheKurds do not have enough military power to fight off the Turks andIraqis without help. The Iraqis and Turks would not be willing to giveup their economically important territory to people which they perceivea threat to their way of life and will most likely continue to fightthe Kurds. The Kurds have no choice but to continue fighting untileither they or the Turks and Iraqis are defeated, as both groups areunwilling to allow them to remain in their countries. The futuredefinitely looks bleak for the Kurds.

Thermoforming Essays (785 words) - Packaging, Thermoforming

Thermoforming THERMOFORMING Thermoforming is one of many manufacturing processes that converts plastic resin into usable everyday products. Thermoforming is greatly relied on in today's society because of the tremendous need for high volume plastic products. Thermoforming is considered to be one of the most cost-effective processes in plastics manufacturing. Thermoforming is considerably economical because of the low molding costs and fast molding cycles. Speed and cost efficiency are the highlighted qualities that thermoforming offers which lead the way for the process becoming so important in industry today. The basic concept of thermoforming is quite simple. A premanufactored thermoplastic sheet is heated until it becomes soft and pliable. It is then forced against the contours of a mold until it cools to its original state. Once it has cooled it is removed from the mold while still obtaining the shape of the mold. Usually the product is then trimmed to produce the finished product. The operation seems simple and straight foreword but there are many different applications associated with the process. Thermoforming is a broad term; there are many different types of thermoforming processes. These processes all have similar traits but they do differ in certain aspects of the overall process. Trapped Sheet Forming is a specialized type of thermoforming. In trapped sheet forming a hot blow plate is used in both the heating and forming process. A plastic sheet is positioned between the hot blow plate and the female mold cavity. Air forced through the plate and pressure from the female mold combine to thrust the sheet onto the hot plate. The sheet is then heated and forced into the female mold by the use of air pressure. One advantage to trapped sheet forming that is such a simplified process that many products can be produced from this method. Also the process uses contact heating, which is easily used and is not subject to temperature fluctuation. The contact heating is a definite advantage but is also a slight disadvantage. The problem with contact heating is that heat can only be applied to the underside of the sheet. This slows down the process and restricts the use of the more durable heavier -gauge sheets. Plug-assist forming is one of the most widely used thermoforming processes today. In plug-assist forming a heated sheet is sealed over a female cavity. Once the plastic is sufficiently heated the plug-assist, which is shaped like the female cavity but slightly smaller in size, pushes the plastic sheet and forces it in the cavity. Vacuum force pulls the sheet onto the mold surface. The main advantage associated with plug-assist forming is that the walls of the container can be measured precisely with the assist. Wall thickness is uniformly the same throughout the container. Plug-assist forming works well with both heavy and light gauge materials and is commonly used to form deep-drawn containers. Pressure bubble plug-assist vacuum forming is similar to plug-assist forming. In this forming process a portion of the sheet is stretched to guarantee an even thickness of walls. The heated sheet is positioned over the female cavity. Air is then blown up through the base plate channel. This air causes the sheet to billow upward. The sheet is then pushed into the cavity by the plug-assist. Vacuum is then applied to transport the sheet to the mold. The advantage to this forming technique is that the wall thickness can be measured with great accuracy. This process, as with plug-assist forming, is used to create deep-drawn containers. Pressure bubble snapback forming is similar to bubble plug-assist forming except for one aspect. The plastic sheet is not formed by the female mold but rather the male mold. The sheet is snapped back to form against the male mold. This forming process improves material distribution because of its prestrecthing procedures. The snapback vacuum forming method is popular because of its simplified process. A sheet is clamped over a female cavity, air pressure through the base plate then stretches the plastic. The pressure is then turned off while the vacuum is turned on to pull the plastic into the mold. This process is widely used to produce auto parts and luggage due to its ability to create external deep draws. It works well with all medium

Lords of the flies essays

Lords of the flies essays The story is about a group of English schoolboys who are plane-wrecked on a deserted island. At first, the stranded boys cooperate, attempting to gather food, make shelters, and maintain signal fires. Later Ralph, he started to act up and boss people around thinking hes the king of the island. Piggy, Ralph's over weighted, sidekick who pretty much the only one that listens to Ralph. When Ralph tries to order people around. The boys would rather swim, play, or hunt the island's wild pig population. Soon Ralph's rules are being ignored or dont even notice Ralph existed. Ralphs competition is Jack, the redheaded leader of the pig hunters, who manages to lure away many of the boys to join him. The situation changes when Ralph discovers that instead of being hunters, he and Piggy have become the ones being hunted. The novel tells about competition between two different groups and who will become the leader at the end. Overall, the story was pretty good. However it was confusing to start, I got used to reading it as I went along, which took a while. I like the style when I got use to it. I think the writing really related to what were studying in American History. It explains how society was made, it starts with people, they make rules and form an economy, and there are leaders and followers, the ones that think and ones that work. Like in US history, something happens and society falls apart, like the great depression. It is interesting to see how a group of boys can go from being so orderly to turn into competition against each other. This has a lot of suspense in it, lots of detail, and didnt feel like some fairy tale. The book contained great amounts of violence to kids fighting against each other. When I read the book, it made me think of the shootings that happened lately. When the media said that the kids were influenced by violent video games, music and Hitler to the shootings, I would say this b ...

Job Analysis (human Resource ) staffing class Assignment

Job Analysis (human Resource ) staffing class - Assignment Example Speaking with a fast food manager personally and asking to observe their daily routine and interactions with fellow employees would be a valuable way to figure out the job requirements and rewards for this particular job. Prior knowledge would vary from person to person and some will have a greater pool to pull from than others. Those that do not have a sufficient background in this area could seek out newspaper articles, documentaries, and books in order to fill in the blanks for the areas that they are less knowledgeable in. Section 3: The Sources Used Sources are another important aspect in conducting a job requirement or job rewards analysis. I used supervisors, job analysts, and Subject Matter Experts(SME) for the analysis of a fast food manager. The job analysts and SME’s are helpful as they are able to confirm the information that I have gathered thus far and correct any information that is not accurate. Similarly, speaking with fast food supervisors is a good way to fi nd out what is expected of potential employees that are seeking out a managerial position. Knowing these expectations provides invaluable background knowledge another layer to the analysis of job requirements or expectations.

Economic questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Economic questions - Assignment Example ect an offer of zero units, but at an offer of one unit they will accept it if they are self-interested and risk-neutral because it is one more unit than they would be getting if they rejected the one unit offer. c) The subgame perfect Nash equilibrium does not match the actual behavior at all. The different assumptions we can make in part a to explain this is basically that if people feel that the amount they are getting is unfair, they will try to hurt the other person as well as themselves by making sure nobody gets anything. 2- In this situation, the drug-dealer’s best option is to go to the park because if the officer is at the park the dealer will still make 50 deals whereas if they are both on the street he will only make 30 deals. The officer can do better if she stays on the street but knows the drug dealer will do better at the park given that they both choose the same place. Therefore, the most likely payoff would probably be the bottom right square where 50 deals are made and 120 are stopped. However, Player Two has a bigger payoff when they are at different locations. Because of this, a mixed-strategy Nash equilibrium shows that the dealer would average about 100 deals, meaning the officer would be able to stop an average of 70 deals. If Player Two is self-regarding, Player One will benefit more from sending payment if Player Two delivers (P,D). In this situation Player One will also make a profit if they don’t send payment and Player Two delivers (NP, D). In the other two situations Player One & Player Two will benefit equally (NP,K) and Player One will lose in the payment – non delivery situation (P,K). If Player Two is reciprocal, Player Two stands to benefit more from a payment and delivery situation (P,D), as well as benefiting more from a payment and non-delivery situation and a non-payment, non-delivery situation (NP, K). The only situation where Player one benefits more is where they don’t pay but the item is still delivered (NP,

Prosodic Features for Sentence Segmentation Dissertation

Prosodic Features for Sentence Segmentation - Dissertation Example The most emphasis in this approach is put on the duration of pauses between words. Longer pauses are assumed to be sentence boundaries. The word boundary method presupposes that such pauses logically occur only at the end of sentences. This is true on many occasions since the place to pause is really at the end of sentences. The word boundary method is therefore quite useful especially when analyzing short sentences (Stolcke, & Shriberg, 1996, 139). The detection of sentence boundaries is one of the initial steps that lead to the understanding of speech. The fact that speech recognizer output lacks the normal textual cues such as headers, paragraphs, sentence punctuation and capitalization was also mentioned. However, speech provides prosodic information through its durational, intonational and energy characteristics. In addition to its relevance to discourse structure in spontaneous speech and its ability to contribute to various tasks involving the extraction of information; prosod ic cues are naturally unaffected by word identity. It should therefore be possible to improve the robustness of lexical information extraction methods which are based on ASR (Hakkani-Tur et al 1999). Sentence segmentation is required for topic segmentation and is also needed to separate long stretches of audio data before parsing (Shriberg et al 2000). Sentence segmentation is critical for applications that are used for obtaining information from speech because information retrieval techniques such as machine translation, question answering and information extraction were basically developed for text based applications (Shriberg et al 2000; Cuendet et al 2007). Kolar et al (2006, p. 629) indicates that standard automatic speech recognition systems only output a raw stream of words. It therefore means that important structural information such as punctuation is missing. Punctuation defines sentence boundaries and is fundamental to the ability of humans to understand information. Natu ral language processing techniques such as machine translation, information extraction and retrieval text summarization all benefit from sentence boundaries. According to Mrozinski et al (2006) spontaneous speech is generally affected negatively by ungrammatical constructions and consists of false starts, word fragments and repetitions which are representative of useless information. Output from automatic Speech-To-Text (STT) system is affected by additional problems as the word recognition error rates in spontaneous speech is still high. Sentence segmentation can lead to an improvement in the readability and usability of such data; after which automatic speech summarization can be used to extract important data. Magimai-Doss et al (2007) indicates that the aim of sentence segmentation is the enrich the improve the unstructured word sequence output for automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems with sentence boundaries in order to make further processing by humans and machines easie r. Improvements in performance were shown in speech processing tasks such as: speech summarization, named entity extraction and part-of-speech tagging in speech, machine translation, and for aiding human readability of the output of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems when sentence boundary information was provided. Annotation relating to sentence boundary was found to be useful in the determination of â€Å"semantically and prosodically coherent boundaries for

Media Literacy after The Simpsons

Media Literacy after The Simpsons Homer Simpson Explains our Postmodern Identity crisis, Whether we Prize it or not: Media Literacy after The Simpsons ABSTRACT This article suggests that The Simpsons is a sophisticated media subject about media that forces educators who teach media literacy into an encounter with postmodern judgment. The sense of postmodern judgment for media education is explored through a focus on two now themes in The Simpsons: the changing judgment of personal identity and the consequences of a relentlessly ironic worldview. Icons of habitual culture can be used to teach about philosophical constructs. From its inception The Simpsons has posed a significant challenge to educators. The program, which ridiculed all forms of influence and turned Bart Simpson into a wildly habitual anti-hero, initially provoked an intense reaction from the education citizens, in some schools influential to the banning of paraphernalia bearing Barts images and habitual denunciations of the series. As the series grew in popularity- and eventually was joined by other cartoon series that were seen to be all the more more educationally offensive, such as Beavis and Butthead and South Park-the furor died down to a now on the other artisan passive hostility toward the program, at least in the classroom. It certainly didnt facilitate the educational communitys disagreement to have Interval magazine reputation the series the best television program of the 20th century, or to have the poet laureate of the United States, Robert Pinsky, praise the series, stating that it penetrates to the existence of television itself (Owen, 2000, p. 65). Nor did it facilitate that various teachers went hab itat, turned the program on, and laughed themselves silly. All the more another abbreviate has been created between the culture of children and the culture of education, a poser that has been perhaps all the more more painful for media educators, various of whom follow Hobbs (1998) target that the texts of everyday career, when constituted as objects of social participation, provide the possibility for combining textual, historical, and ideological examination in ways that relieve students and teachers move beyond the limits of traditional disciplines and controversy areas (p. 21). To be undeniable, there have been efforts by media educators to bring The Simpsons into the classroom. Our debate of the media literacy literature and media literacy sites revealed a number of examples of proposed lessons incorporating the series, from examining The Simpsons as a virgin variant of social satire to comparing The Simpsons family to other television families. On the other hand, in almost eve ry dispute, we sensed that the unique qualities of the series eluded these efforts. The basic tools of media education and literacy as typically agreed upon by numerous media literacy communities-tools which regulate our control to basic precepts such as the meaning that the media are constructed-appear not to be enough to turn The Simpsons from renegade habitual culture into a teachable moment (Aufderheide, 1993; Media Awareness Network, 2000). Perhaps the central poser with The Simpsons is that it seems to drag the media literacy examination onto the unfamiliar and all the more foreboding terrain of postmodernism, where issues of image and replica open to fall apart, a terrain where sporadic media educators are willing or able to follow. Of line, there has been an effort to define, critique, and bring postmodern impression to bear on educational judgment and application, expressly from advocates of critical pedagogy (e.g., Aronowitz Giroux, 1992). All the more this has been a the ory-driven effort that has not reached further far into educational scholarship, and has made almost no headway into the frontlines of educational manipulate. Various teachers Studies in Media Info Literacy Education, Tome 1, Subject 1 (February 2001), 1-12 # University of Toronto Press. DOI: 10.3138/sim.1.1.002 have never heard of the label postmodernism. The same mould is equally, if not more pronounced, in the media education citizens. Our examination of media literacy literature and key media literacy web sites in the United States and Canada revealed an almost comprehensive absence of controversy and examination on postmodernism. There have been, of pathway, notable exceptions (McLaren, Hammer, Scholle, Reilly, 1995; Steinberg Kincheloe, 1997). The outcome of this empty margin is another critical abbreviate, in this dispute not between students and educators, on the other artisan between media educators and media theorists. In examining this section, we are struck by two observations. First, the gap between media education manipulate and media judgment comes precisely at the moment when teachers and media educators are finding them selves overwhelmed by strange contemporary regular cultural texts for which the unfamiliar category of postmodernism may potentially be the most fruitful interpretive handle. Second, the positions of students and media theorists stand in the succeeding relationship. Students are living inside an increasingly postmodern regular cultural participation that media theorists are attempting to label, define, and scan. The puzzle is that students dont necessarily have the vocabulary to generate meaning of their participation, and the vocabulary that theorists have developed seems to cause meaning only in graduate seminars. The Simpsons offers a promising opportunity to strategically residence these issues, highlighting the limits of conventional media literacy tools, illustrating the aesthetic examine of postmodernism, and providing some vocabulary to label that examine. In effect, it serves as an dispute of how the solution of postmodernism can be used to develop a contemporary range of c ritical interpretive skills for constructively engaging this growing trend in habitual culture. Our article presents a mini introduction to postmodernism and a grounded process of the benefits and limits of applying this judgment. Our reason is not to provide an exhaustive or all the more spread out introduction to postmodern judgment. Rather, it is to position The Simpsons as a media subject that can be used as a starting stop for exploring postmodern judgment. Fear of Postmodernism If everyone loves The Simpsons, postmodernism has its correct participation of critics. Writing in U.S. Material and Field Report, Leo (1999) argues that postmodernism has created a language that no one can understand, a language that is used to intellectually bully readers into agreeing with outlandish propositions. The academic area, on the other artisan, has offered more equivocal assessments. Hebdige (1988) argues that we are in the presence of a buzzword, a expression which, while confusing, does appropriate an influential social or cultural transition. Kellner (1995) agrees, observing that . . . the label postmodern is often a placeholder, or semiotic marker, that indicates that there are virgin phenomena that demand mapping and theorizing (p. 46). In the infrequent instances where references to postmodernism do appear in media literacy literature, its ambiguous area is emphasized. For process, Buckingham and Sefton-Green (1997), in their effort to launch charting the challenges posed by multimedia education in an increasingly digitized media area, believe that postmodernism, although glib and sweeping, offers a beneficial pathway to characterize a number of broad social and cultural transformations. Some of the changes that control Buckingham and Sefton-Green embrace the area of consumption, the blurring distinctions between production and consumption, the poaching of texts and symbols, and the rejection of the elitist and sterile oppositions between high and habitual culture (pp. 289-292). Given the slipperiness of the sense, postmodernism on the other hand marks a cr itical modern moment in the scan of media and replica. Building on the business of Buckingham and Sefton-Green (1997), we open by asking what is postmodernism and what can we do with it? With its questioning of truthfulness and its subject of the politics of media representations, postmodernism, once it is understood properly, can be a rich source of pedagogical judgment and manipulate. The Postmodern Dispute: Definitions and Symptoms What true is the label postmodernism trying to receive? There is, first, the sense of opposition to modernism. In essence, modernism states that individuals and nations, guided by rational thinking and Studies in Media Counsel Literacy Education, Tome 1, Subject 1 (February 2001), 1-12 # University of Toronto Press. DOI: 10.3138/sim.1.1.002 2 scientific achievements, are moving toward a more humane, more just, and more economically prosperous ultimate. In other contents, modernism embraces progress, viewing it as a linear and inexorable phenomenon with acceptable outcomes. Accordingly, the publish in postmodernism stands for the meaning that there is no longer any guarantee of progress. In point, there is further petty consensus as to what progress all the more wealth. Postmodernity typically is distinguished by an undermining of force, the denigration of novel by turning it into a style or evocative nostalgia, the questioning of progress, and the head to impression the ultimate as empty. Other postmodern symptoms embrace the meaning of image overload, intertextuality (the seemingly random q uoting of one subject by another), a heightened meaning of media self-reflexivity calling control to replica as a hall of mirrors, and pastiche, defined as the sense to cause disjointed images and subject fragments. Finally, the postmodern process is marked by commodification overload (the head to turn everything into a product or marketing opportunity), irony overload (the elevation of irony as the dominant rhetorical posture), and the increased questioning of the sense of personal identity brought on by viewing the self as a social construction. In short, the meaning of postmodernism calls control to the ways in which a beneficial deal of everyday regular culture is at once fully informed by, if not driven by, the basic media literacy precept that media construct social naked truth. In act, all the more of regular culture relentlessly draws carefulness to the further arbitrariness of almost every aspect of our social participation, as well as the moral and epistemological foundati ons on which social participation depends. In other contents, the curriculum of regular culture has outstripped the curriculum of the classroom, all the more the media education classroom. The vocabulary of postmodernism allows us to launch to contemplate and term the various ways in which this is taking fix, on the other share it further leaves us at a loss about how to proceed. Recognizing this disagreement, memo and educational theorists have attempted to clarify what is to be gained by drawing on the social and theoretical insights generated by the deconstructive influence of postmodern criticism. At the same interval, they have tried to demonstrate how to tame this influence in the utility of modernist values such as human rights, equality, freedom, and democracy (Aronowitz Giroux, 1991; Best Kellner, 1991; Giroux, 1997; Kellner, 1995; Rorty, 1989; Wolin, 1990). A critical postmodernism encourages us to solicit contemporary questions about all claims to influence (scientific or otherwise), about how contemporary forms of replica and contemporary inflections in the style of replica made practicable through technology and commodification exchange the quality of sense, and about how cultural dominance is produced and maintained through the patterns of contrasts used to define social and linguistic categories (Aronowitz Giroux, 1991; Scholle Denski, 1995). Postmodernism offers contemporary tools for critical interpretation and modern responsibilities for connecting media and cultural interpretation to democracy as a form of native land that enables critical reflection and activism, making us understand the ways in which our seemingly private individual identities are formed, through language and symbols, in relationship to each other and the broader social and political citizens (McKinlay, 1998, p. 481). For The Simpsons audience, an ambivalen ce toward technology and progress is guideline fare. This judgment of the ultimate as empty and without guarantees has further been associated with the core identity of Hour X, whose slogan might glance at We have seen the forthcoming and it sucks. While any aspect of postmodernism discussed above can be found in and explored within The Simpsons, two concepts in particular-irony overload and the questioning of identity-will serve as reference points in our reconsideration of the series. The puzzle of identity is a central complication for all young citizens, on the other artisan it is a puzzle that is not duration satisfactorily addressed, given the growing levels of hopelessness, cynicism, despair, and suicide among teenagers. Of particular control to us is that The Simpsons repeatedly focuses on this further subject: the puzzle of selfhood in an increasingly absurd culture pulverized with images, symbols, values, irony, commercialization, and hucksterism. What lessons does The Sim psons teach? What lessons can be learned as the characters on the demonstrate are thrust into many battles for selfhood within the postmodern terrain? Enjoy all the more postmodern Studies in Media Info Literacy Education, Manual 1, Controversy 1 (February 2001), 1-12 # University of Toronto Press. DOI: 10.3138/sim.1.1.002 3 culture, The Simpsons, is saturated with irony and obsessed with issues of absolute identity, expressly in relation to media culture. Our task is to articulate an interpretive frame of reference to facilitate media educators and viewers open to cause critical meaning of these symptoms. The Challenges of Postmodern Selfhood Gergen (1991) notes that postmodernists abbreviate version into three epochs, each of which corresponds to a particular judgment of personal identity or selfhood. These periods are labeled as the pre-modern (romantic hour), the contemporary era, and the postmodern. From the pre-modern or romantic tradition, we derive our meaning in a stable center of identity. In Gergens contents, powerful forces in the deep interior of ones duration are held to be the source of inspiration, creativity, genius, and moral courage, all the more madness (Gergen, 1992, p. 61). Modernism redefined the self, shifting the emphasis from deep, mysterious processes to human consciousness in the here and these days, always in control with such values as efficiency, stable functioning, and progress. The self in its virgin form-what Gergen calls the postmodern or relational self-is no longer viewed as a separate target, on the other artisan is increasingly understood as a rel ational construction, defined by and spread across the humanity and activity experiences each individual encounters throughout her or his field. In short, as McNamee and Gergen (1999) argue, there are no independent selves; we are each constituted by others (who are themselves similarly constituted). We are always already related by virtue of shared constitutions of the self (p. 15). Linked to this sense is the sense that a conscious understanding of ourselves as beings occurs through language, which is itself a fundamentally relational sense, and that our identity grows and develops in relationship to the endless dialogues that we have with others, with culture, and with ourselves. In this meaning, our interactions with the media become deeply significant. Moreover, this contemporary consciousness of the relational sense of the self comes at correct the moment when the relationships we enter into and which contribute to our definition of self are multiplying at an exponential rate and are duration increasingly spread over a in a superior way and in a superior way span of hour and amplitude. It is one baggage to see the sense of the relational self when we think of, claim, two friends engaged in a mutually sustaining and defining examination. In this setting, the sense of the relational self is promising, perhaps all the more reassuring. On the other hand, extending the meaning of relationship to subsume every symbolic encounter in which we willingly or unwilling participate-from intentional relationships to unintentional and forced relationship with 3,000 commercial messages per day-presents modern challenges. A critical postmodern perspective calls control to this crisis of identity, a crisis in which the media of memo and their commercial foundations are deeply implicated. Of line, thinking of the self as a relational construct not only gives insights into the crisis of the self, on the other share it further offers a means of thinking about how to residen ce that crisis. In this more hopeful and acceptable meaning, the relational self offers a glimpse of those selected aspects of human participation and identity that may be used as a moral foundation in the face of the deconstructive maelstrom of commercial postmodern culture. The relational self suggests a moral compass that is based less on the authentic truths of religion or science than in the manner by which we draw up ourselves and our community through ceaseless and inevitable physical, linguistic, and psychological dependence upon one another. Drawing on the duty of Martin Buber, Mikhail Bakhtin, Jurgen Habermas, Richard Rorty, and Jerome Bruner, McNamee and Gergen (1999) deposit elsewhere a autonomous and thoughtful introduction to what a moral ethic organized on all sides of the relational self would see enjoy. They have called it relational responsibility, defining relationally responsible actions as those that sustain and enhance forms of exchange elsewhere of which influ ential process itself is made practicable. Isolation, they argue, represents the negation of citizens (p. 19). The guideline of relational responsibility is in stark contrast to the deconstructive tendencies of postmodernism. As such, it can serve as a critical bridge linking the interpretive coercion of a critical postmodernism to the modernist values associated with progressive democracy. Studies in Media Counsel Literacy Education, Tome 1, Subject 1 (February 2001), 1-12 # University of Toronto Press. DOI: 10.3138/sim.1.1.002 4 At the same hour, it is autonomous that the deconstructive tendencies of postmodernism (as a fix of virgin conditions) have influential implications for personal identity construction. Giddens (1991), for process, warns of the looming threat of personal meaninglessness. It is this threat that directs us back to a carefulness of one of the central tropes of postmodern discourse: irony. As noted above, relentless irony is a hallmark of both The Simpsons and the postmodern era. As individuals struggle to confront postmodern challenges to identity, there is grounds to solicit whether there is any valuation in the postmodern strategy of irony. Thus, the implications of irony both for identity formation and relational responsibility must be considered. Irony, Identity, and the Disagreement of Responsibility The Simpsons is regularly celebrated for its incisive wit and social satire, for its force to manipulate irony to bell control to the absurdity of everyday social conventions and beliefs. Irony functions as a critical form that helps us to break through surface sense to examine and understand the correct area of things in a contemporary and deeper means. It is a vehicle for enhancing critical consciousness, and it represents a moral coercion of skilled in the function of eradicating conventional pathetic (Rorty, 1989). As Hutcheon (1992, 1994) notes, critical irony is intimately linked to politics. The compel of deconstructing can be a first development to political dispute, and ironys oppositional character can be a major critical compel. The subversive functioning of irony is related to its status as a self-critical and self-reflexive resources that challenges hierarchy, and this influence to undermine and overturn is said to have politically transformative coercion. On the other share this is not where the manipulate of irony ends in The Simpsons, nor does it appropriate the postmodern turn in the meaning of irony. Postmodern irony is ambiguous and its solution is contested. It can be interpreted by adherents as playful, reflexive, and liberating; opponents, on the other hand, contemplate it as frivolous, deviant, and perverse (Hutcheon, 1992, 1994; Kaufman, 1997; Thiele, 1997). In postmodern irony, clarity in moral delineation begins to disappear. For process, in virgin comedy, as in all social behavior, all actions are controversy to satire from some perspective. Besides, by reason of postmodern irony begins with the assumption that language produces all sense, a kind of emancipatory indulgence in irony is evoked-an invitation to reconceptualize language as a form of play. As Gergen (1991) writes, we neednt credit such linguistic activities with profundity, imbue them with deep significance, or fix elsewhere to interchange the nature on their novel. Rather, we might play with the truths of the hour, shake them about, try them on prize funny hats (p. 188). In other contents, postmodern irony invites us to avoid saying it straight, using linear logic, an d forming smooth, progressive narratives (p. 188). The Simpsons is saturated with this form of postmodern irony. On the other facilitate where does that leave media educators trying to duty with this enormously regular series? On the one artisan, media educators would prize to engage the series fully by practise of it raises various challenges to conventional ideas of mould and selfhood; on the other share, they are unwilling to lead students to examine media literacy as a form of deconstruction that leads only to meaninglessness or play. Some media scholars contemplate postmodern irony as a laborious challenge for teachers committed to linking media literacy with productive citizenship. Purdy, for dispute, laments that between Madonna and the fist-fight between Jesus and Santa Claus that opened the cartoon series South Park, there is less and less left in society whose flouting can elicit shock. Irony, he concludes, invites us to be self-absorbed, on the other facilitate in selves that we cannot believe to be particularly interesting or significant (p. 26). Conway and Seery (1992) are similarly concerned about the implications of postmodern irony for engaged citizenship. Although irony may equip the dispossessed with much-needed critical perspective and all the more underwrite a minimal political agenda, they draw up, it is generally regarded as irremediably parasitic and antisocial (p. 3). Hutcheon (1994) further shares this episode, noting that irony can be both political and apolitical, both conservative and radical, both repressive and democratizing in a pathway that other discursive strategies are not (p. 35). Gergen (1991) frames the challenge of postmodern irony in terms of its challenge to forming a coherent self. If all serious projects are reduced to satire, play, Studies in Media Counsel Literacy Education, Tome 1, Subject 1 (February 2001), 1-12 # University of Toronto Press. DOI: 10.3138/sim.1.1.002 5 or nonsense, all attempts at authenticity or earnest ends become empty-merely postures to be punctuated by sophisticated self-consciousness (p. 189). If this is the poser that The Simpsons raises in its manipulate of both critical and postmodern irony, to what room is it contributing to a social consciousness with a practicable for social process, as opposed to contributing to a cynical numbness founded on ironic detachment? What solutions does the series offer for resolving this disagreement? Are there any alternative solutions that acknowledge the postmodern challenge to identity? Exploration of Self in Homer to the Max With these concerns in meaning, we see an phase of The Simpsons that originally aired on February 7, 1998. The period focuses with particular vehemence on the quest for identity and asks the closest questions: †  How is the sense of the self understood in relationship to the blizzard of media images, symbols, and values? †  How does irony fit into the exploration and resolution of identity issues? †  How do we understand The Simpsons confrontations with the self and identity in terms of what has been called the postmodern process? The demonstrate begins with the principles sight gags on the couch and the Simpson familys lampooning of televisions midseason replacement series. The program that finally captures the familys carefulness is Police Cops, which becomes a present within the present. As the two Miami-Vice enjoy heroes of Police Cops subdue would-be bank thieves, one of the police detective heroes, a millionaire cop surrounded by admiring women, introduces himself as Simpson, Detective Homer Simpson. The Simpson family is shocked and Homer is exclusively overwhelmed, confusing himself with his television image. The plot then unfolds in essentially five kernels that hire up and explore Homers confusion over his own identity (Chatman, 1978). First, Homer identifies completely with the television detective hero: Wow. They captured my personality perfectly! Did you examine the means Daddy caught that bullet? In turn, the all-inclusive citizens of Springfield validates Homers contemporary pseudo-identity, treating him as if he were the television detective hero: Hey, Mr. Simpson, sir, can I purchase your autograph? Second, the Police Cops producers interchange their television detective character from glamorous hero to bumbling sidekick, launching a series of gags about Homers correct identity. The virgin characterization is truly a near perfect replication of the absolute Homer Simpson. This outrages Homer: Hey whats going on? That guys not Homer Simpson! Hes fat and stupid! The town continues to respond to Homer as the television character, only these days with ridicule rather than respect. No netheless, Homer gains some insight into the confusion between his authentic and fictional identity. As a assemblage of co-workers gathers in the hallway absent his business waiting for him to do something stupid, Homer retorts, Well, Im sorry to disappoint you gentleman, on the other artisan you seem to have me confused with a character in a fictional present. Factor of the pleasure for viewers derives from the irony of the cartoon character Homer making the state that he is the authentic Homer Simpson, as opposed to the fictional cartoon character within the cartoon. The writers of the period then continue to play with this seemingly endless hall of mirrors between absolute and fictional identity by scripting Homer to behave true in the transaction of the revised fictional detective character. Homer obliges by spilling a fondue pot on the nuclear reactor polity panel. Homers identity crisis eventually leads him to Hollywood, where he confronts the producers of the Police Cops-By the Numbers Productions-and demands that they recast the detective character: Im begging you! Im a human duration! Let me have my dignity back! The lines between Homers authentic identity and his media identity blur all the more besides when his efforts in the production business are used as grist for a contemporary gag in the later Police Cops period. Studies in Media Counsel Literacy Education, Manual 1, Controversy 1 (February 2001), 1-12 # University of Toronto Press. DOI: 10.3138/sim.1.1.002 6 In the third kernel, the plot shifts absent from Homers struggle over his identification with his media replica to his fixation on the sense that a contemporary label will give him a virgin identity. In this kernel, Homer goes to court to sue Police Cops for the improper application of his reputation. When his petition is nowadays rebuffed in the term of corporate proprietary interests, he rashly decides to transform his reputation to Max Coercion. Homers growth is nowadays transformed. His self-image improves, he becomes forceful and dynamic, and his co-workers and boss treat him with respect. Mr. Burns, remembering Homers reputation for the first interval, exclaims, Well, who could forget the reputation of a magnetic individual prize you? Keep up the acceptable profession, Max. While shopping at Costingtons for a contemporary faculty wardrobe, Homer meets a member of Springfields elite with a similarly powerful label, Trent Steele. Trent nowadays takes Homer/Max under his wing, inviting him to garden troop for Springfields young, hip force couples, an period that turns elsewhere to be the jumping off stop for an environmental reason. The critical moment in this kernel-which links the identity crisis of Police Cops with the identity theme in the Max Force parcel of the episode-occurs when Homer reveals to his contemporary best friend Trent Steele the origin of the term Max Compel. When Trent exclaims, Hey, beneficial term!, Homer replies, Yeah, isnt it? I got it off a hairdryer. Homers resolution to his identity crisis with his media self is to redefine himself in terms of the force setting of a mini household appliance. The self is these days equated with a product. At first, the results are stunningly successful. The fourth kernel leads to the denouement. In the third kernel, Homers appropriation of the identity of his hair dryer appears to have resolved his identity crisis in satisfactory transaction. On the other hand, this meaning soon falls apart. At the garden assemblage, Homer and Marge rub shoulders with celebrity environmental activists Woody Harrelson and Ed Begley, Jr., two of the various celebrities lampooned in the phase. The sense extreme these scenes is that Homer, as the buffoon celebrity Max Force, is on the same level as other equally shallow and ridiculous celebrities. Finally, Trent Steele announces that it is interval to board a bus to re ason the wanton destruction of our nations forests. This generate is relentlessly parodied: We have to protect [trees] by generate of trees cant protect themselves, except, of trail, the Mexican Fighting Trees. The partygoers travel to a stand of redwoods about to be bulldozed and are chained to the trees. The police (Chief Wiggum, Eddie, and Lou) confront Homer, attempt to swab his eyes with Hippie- Coercion mace, and stop up chasing him on all sides of his tree. His chain works prize a saw, cutting down the redwood, which in turn topples the comprehensive forest. Homer, freed at persist, throws his chain into the air, killing a bald eagle. Homer, as the phony Max Force, is rejected by the phony celebrity activists. In the fifth and final kernel, which serves as an epilogue to the phase, Marge and Homer are in bed. Marge tells Homer she is glad he changed his reputation back to Homer Simpson and Homer responds, Yes, I learned you gotta be yourself. The Phase Through a Postmodern Le ns The phase is intriguing by generate of of its insistent focus on the search for identity, and the methods by which that identity is constructed within the absurdities of the postmodern landscape. As Gergen (1992) notes, We are exposed to more opinions, values, personalities, and ways of activity than was any previous interval in novel; the number of our relationships soars, the variations are enormous: past relationships extreme (only a ring bell apart) and contemporary faces are only a channel absent (p. 58). There is, in short, an explosion in social connections. What does this explosion have to do with our meaning of selves and what we stand for, and how does it undermine beliefs in a romantic interior or in a rational center of the self ? This is precisely the controversy this period of The Simpsons takes up again and again. What is exclusively engaging in this phase is the focus on Homers identity crisis and its relationship to the media. This is not, of line, a theme unique to The Simpsons. As Caldwell (1995) observes, comedy-variety shows in the late 1940s and early 1950s were repeatedly using the conventions of intertextuality and

Effect of injection or Suction and Magnetic Field on oscillatory flow i

An oscillatory hydrodynamic flow through porous medium bounded by two horizontal parallel porous plates in the presence of transverse magnetic field is investigated. Both the stationary plates are subjected to the same constant injection / suction velocities ( V ). A closed form analytical solution is obtained and the affects of different parameters (Injection / suction Parameter, Darcy number, Hartmann number, Frequency of oscillations etc.) on velocity field and skin-friction are discussed with the help of graphs in details. Key words: Oscillatory flow, Magnetic field, Injection / suction, Planner channel. 1 Introduction: The flows of fluids through porous media have attracted the attention of a number of scholars because of their possible applications in many branches of science and technology. In fact a porous material containing the fluid is a non-homogeneous medium but it may be possible to treat it as a homogeneous one, for the sake of analysis, by taking its dynamical properties to be equal to the averages of the original non-homogeneous continuum. Thus a complicated problem of the flow through a porous medium gets reduced to the flow problem of a homogeneous fluid with some additional resistance. The hydrodynamic channel flow is a classical problem for which exact solution can be obtained Schillicting [1]. Eckert [2] obtained the exact solution of Navier-Stokes equations for the flow between two parallel porous plates with constant injection/suction. In view of numerous important engineering and geophysical applications of the channel flows through porous medium, for example in the fields of chemical engineering for filtration and purification processes, in the fields of agriculture engineering f... ...Sci. Acad. 75(1) (2009): 41-48. 14 Garg, B.P., Singh, K.D. and Pathak, Reena (2011). An analysis of radiative, free-convective and mass transfer flow past an accelerated vertical plate in the presence of transverse magnetic field, J. Rajasthan Acad. Phy. Sci. 10(1) (in press). 15 Moreau, R. â€Å"MagnetoHydrodynamics†. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (1990). 16 Makinde, O.D. and Mhone, P.Y. â€Å"Heat Transfer to MHD Oscillatory Flow in a Channel Filled with Porous Medium†. Rom. Journ. Phys. 50 (2005): 931-938. 17 Mehmood, A. and Ali, A. â€Å"The Effect of Slip Condition on Unsteady MHD Oscillatory Flow of a Viscous Fluid in a Planer Channel†. Rom. Journ. Phys. 52(1-2) (2007): 85-91. 18 Singh, K.D. and Garg, B.P. â€Å"Radiative Heat Transfer in MHD Oscillatory Flow through Porous Medium Bounded by Two Vertical Porous Plates†. Bull. Cal. Math. Soc.102(2) (2010) 129-138.

Should Zoo Be Banned?

Ban Zoo Background By definition, a zoo is a facility in which animals are kept and displayed to the public. It is a short form of Menagerie, zoological park and garden. The word zoological refers to zoology which means study of animals. An Egyptian queen called Queen Hatshepsut decided to build a zoo about 1500BC and about five hundred years later a Chinese Emperor named Wen Wang founded the Garden of Intelligence. The Garden of Intelligence was an enormous zoo which was full of different kind of animals and lots of ancient statues.During that time many small zoos were established to show power and wealth by rulers from Northern Africa, India, and China. Other well-known collectors of animals were King Solomon  of the  Kingdom of Israel and Judah, and King  Nebuchadnezzar  from  Babylonia. The Roman emperors used to keep private collections of animals or private zoos for study purposes or for use in an arena. The ancient Greeks established public zoos to study animal and p lant life. That time Greek students used to visit zoos as part of their education.In the beginning Europeans did not have the interest to visit the zoos but when explorers bought strange creatures back with them, it strangely renewed the interest of Europeans in animals and zoos. In the modern era the oldest existing zoo was the  Vienna Zoo  in Austria. Tierpark Hagenbeck   is known as the first zoo to use open enclosures surrounded by moats rather than barred cages. The purpose was to keep the animals in touch with nature. My uncle was a zookeeper for over eight years. A lot of times wild animals get injured and If proper care is not given they might have to live a disabled life.For instance, owls have very fragile bones in their wings. If it breaks it creates permanent disorder in its flight. For a flightless owl in the wild life it will be difficult to defend itself easily; it might not survive. â€Å"They pay the price of their beauty, poor beasts. Mankind wants to catch anything beautiful and shut it up, and then come in thousands to watch it die by inches’’ (qtd. in Best 4). There are some people who take a baby animal from the jungle to keep it as a pet. Once the animal grew up it does not look cute anymore, and may become uncontrollable.Therefore, the person takes it to a zoo to live out the rest of its life. Thus, they start to lose some of their natural abilities because zoo do not provide natural environment for wild animals. It may be difficult for an animal to adjust to a different environment if necessary steps are not taken. INTRO Animals are being kept in the zoos has provided people such as children or city dwellers to experience the great biodiversity of the Earth and understand how they behave. These realistic images of the wildlife are nothing like what we could see in discovery channels or books making the zoo a great source of education.It is also true that zoo not only just exposes different creatures to us, but also informs the visitors on each species of animals such as their scientific names, their specialties, what food they eat and their behaviours. Moreover, zoos nowadays are involved in conservation programs of animals that are in the risk of extinction and thus at the same time making visitors aware of them. However, people these days are more interested in the entertainment because many would come to the zoo for picnics (Kazarov 8).Whenever I visit a zoo I see children who are more interested in observing the creatures up closely, ignoring the information board provided for that animal. As for the parents, they are more concerned about taking photos of their children next to the pitiful animal. Even if there really are people visiting to seek the knowledge, do you think that the benefits we gain are worth the suffering of thousands of animals of hundreds or species? Furthermore, in the zoos, we cannot learn as much as a hunter do because we do not see what the animals do naturally, but the unfortunate things done to them. Do we really need zoos?There are many articles, for instance, ‘’Zoos and the end of nature’’ written about how animals suffer inside the zoo. These reasons all the more convinced us that animals should not be kept in zoo, for it is a miserable place that restricts the animal right, mistreat them, and use the excuse of maintaining the endangered organisms to keep their business running. Animals in the zoo should have the every right to be able to do what they want and to be free, but the zoos just have to ruin it. One issue that is common in animal rights discourse involves the use of animals in circuses and animal shows where the animals are forced to do such acts.For those who belong to the animal rights movement, and for all people who have a genuine concern for all animals, it is not good for humans to use animals in entertainment shows because such act is equivalent to exploitation. Respect and compassion should no t be limited to human beings alone. Animals, like humans, have their own natural tendencies. They have their own natural environment where they were originally meant to live and thrive. Respecting the rights of animals includes leaving them in their natural environment where they can grow and enjoy being the animals that they are.For example, certain marine animals require an environment that is composed of salt water and a vast space for them to grow. However, the issue to be considered of is that if zoos want to create a perfect habitat environment for animals it would be costly, and thus many zoos in the world do not do so. And when the zoos do not meet the required standard, what would the animals in the zoos become? In some zoos, especially in my country, the cages are too small that it's more of a cell rather than a place to stay.While visitors laughed and have fun looking at these animals and walking around the zoo, the animals remained bounded inside a cage, like accused cri minals. In some zoos, the condition is worse. The cages might be spacious, the environment close to natural, but how do you think they are fed? Two bananas a day for a monkey; three maybe. Sometimes the zoo seems like a village that recently suffered a drought and the animals inside may be comparable to the refugees from a barren desert. In fact, animals suffered not only physical damage, but also mental problems.According to a report captive animals normally develop stereotypies. For example, we usually see elephants weaving their trunk and head left and right and polar bears pacing incessantly. This could mean that they are frustrated or thwarted due to the poor conditions (Clubb et al 222-223 ). Animals also have emotion, they can be sad, they can be happy, they can be distressed. If humans have even a single shred of sympathy inside them, they should treat the animals with more care, and realise animals need as much happiness as people. Further misdoing of the zoo is the ill-tre atment towards animals.It is not uncommon for humans to treat animals very badly; in roman times, the actions go as far as using them in death matches. However, zoos, which are more than just a collection of animals, have gone more than acceptable in the way they take care of the animals. For example, in Islamabad Pakistan, a female elephant was reported to be poisoned. My friend who was present during the investigation found out that the elephant was overdosed by tranquilizers, as anti-anxiety agent. Further investigations show that the death of the animal could have been avoided if not for the irresponsible actions of the care takers.It seemed that a quarrel broke out between the care takers over the money they gained from the visitors when the visitors rode the elephant and took pictures. It is very horrible to find out that one of the zoo keepers would kill an innocent creature to set the blame onto the other keeper. Even then, the case was closed with nobody charged, as the gov ernment confided the dead elephant's mate until the true culprit was found, which was never. There was also another case; a video report showing a zoo in Oklahoma, G. W Exotic, which had a collection of 1400 animals, of which 200 are big cats.In the video, many of the big cats were treated cruelly; tigers were hit on the nose and sometimes even whipped by the care takers, and using them for shows and performances were not a rare occasion. Some big cats were also used to attract viewers by releasing them to the general public and it has been going on for quite long. According to the specialists, a cub is only allowed to interact with human from two to four weeks. There, they have cub 21 weeks old that are released and brought dangerously close to visitors even when these cubs are carnivores and are known to be ferocious.When this mindless creatures tries to show even a slight aggression they are punished severely even though the zoo made these misjudgements of bringing them to visito rs at this age. A cub was brutally whipped when it accidentally harmed a child. And after all these cruel things reached the media, the authorities came to close down the school, and the insane owner irresponsibly released all the animals from their cage. It is not just one case, not just two. This is happening all over the world. And while only few cases are being uncovered and prosecuted by the authorities, many more animals are suffering their fate in silence.In order to make up for the criticisms due to the reasons above, zoos nowadays may claim that they help protect endangered species animals and at the same time revive them. For example, zoos now have captive breeding programs to increase the number of the threatened animals, as the animals are being monitored and taken care by animal experts. In this way, those animals can be defended from their problem that they would have faced in their natural surroundings. Animals that are usually the prey would be safe from being hunted by their predators whereas predator animals such as lions would not have died due to starvation.This is because zoos keep the same kind together while providing them food. These are at least the arguments that zoos can announce and they also claim that they will be able to release the captive creatures back to the wild. However, is there evidence that the majority of the zoos will be able to perform such task? The answer is no. According to an article more than 95% of the world zoo industries do not take part in official captive propagation and reintroduction initiatives (Laidlaw 4). What is the point of raising the animals where there is no certainty of releasing of them?Suppose there are a small number of zoos that actually reintroduce their animals back to the wild, will it be successful? The animals that they have been raising will have lost their animals instincts as a result of being kept in a place without the interaction between animals of different species, being confined in a small place causing lack of exercise and being given food instead of the animals working for themselves. In addition, there will be animals that are born in the zoo in which they never have the jungle experience.Take tiger for example, for them to survive, they must know other animals’ behaviour in order to hunt and they must have strong legs. But how can they perform that when they have not been in contact with other creatures and how can they jump and run quickly without the having to hunt before? It will be just like my house’s pet dog which does not know how to cross the road. Let’s just pretend that the zoos have managed to teach them, but there are still further issues and that is the number of red list species that zoos are actually conserving.According to a report it was found that the CCZ, 13 zoos in the UK, known as the Consortium of Charitable Zoos, only keep 3. 5% of the animal species that are in the threat of extinction, and the majority them are the least concerned species. Only 24. 7 to 29 % of the zoos’ animals are in the red list zone (â€Å"Animal† 3). This in a sense mean that, zoos are not capable of doing conservation of endangered animals, plus it also means that there are still many other creatures kept in the zoo that are not threatened. An eagle should be seen soaring through the sky spectacularly, a lion roaming he jungle fiercely; it is such a sad event to see them restricted in the zoo. What we see in the zoo are not really the animals that we see, but rather a figure that resembles the images of the creatures of what we learn in the school. What I would define a zoo, is a large prison that holds tons of innocent animals as prisoners in order to make money. As humans cannot live with animals in the jungle, same happens with animals. Animals are part of nature and increase the beauty they are not made to keep in zoos and earn money.Did we also ever realize that we are actually paying money to the zoos to see such prisoners for our entertainment or education purposes? Indeed, a zoo is a business centre; all they do is to make profit such as from animal circuses, animals trading. Moreover, they would try to cut down the cost of building a healthy natural habitat, at least not for every species, and they would feed animals with a limited amount of food where the food might not be of proper nutrition. To make matter worse, poorer countries do not have good facilities or the budget, even for a certain individual species.Even for conservation of endangered species, they do not invest their own money, but accept donation from people and wildlife companies. In zoos like that we will normally see a donation box presented next to the threatened species. If they are really providing help for the protection of wildlife, why not use their own fund. Finally, with strong voice, we can say that Zoos should be ban in human societies because it’s nothing but a giving pain to the an imals in many ways. Work Cited â€Å"Animal Ark or Sinking Ship? †. Born Free Foundation. July 2007. Web. http://www. bornfree. org. uk/fileadmin/user_upload/files/zoo_check/animal_ark. df. Nov 24 2012. Clubb, Ros. Mason, Georgia. A Review of the Welfare of Zoo Elephants in Europe. University of Oxford. 2003. Print. Dr. Best, Steven. â€Å"Zoo and the End of Nature†. University of Texas. 1999. Web. http://www. zoocheck. com/articlepdfs/Zoos%20and%20the%20End%20of%20Nature. pdf. Nov 22 2012. Kazarov, Elena. â€Å"The Role of Zoo in creating a Conservation Ethic in Visitors†. Australia, Sydney Washington University in St. Louis. 2008. Web. http://digitalcollections. sit. edu/cgi/viewcontent. cgi? article=1579&context=isp_collection. Nov 24 2012. Laidlaw, Rob. â€Å"Reintroduction of